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1.
Kun Yang Yachun Wang Penghui Lei Tiankai Yao Dong Zhao Jie Lian 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(12):6018-6028
Chemical durability of lanthanide zirconates (A2Zr2O7) (A = La-Yb) under near-field environments is important for evaluating their application as potential nuclear waste forms. In this work, A2Zr2O7 (A = La-Yb) are synthesized by spark plasma sintering with controlled microstructure and their chemical durability are evaluated in a nitric acid solution (pH = 1). Scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals an amorphous passivation film either enriched with Zr or lanthanide. The complex chemistry of the passivation films can be correlated with a transition in corrosion mechanisms from a preferential release of lanthanide in La2Zr2O7 to a preferential release of Zr in Er2Zr2O7 and Yb2Zr2O7. These results suggest a dominant mechanism of incongruent dissolution and surface reorganization for the formation of passivation films. Strong correlations are identified between the leaching rates and cation ionic size, ionic potential, electronegativity differences between A-site cation and Zr, and bonding valence sum of oxygen, suggesting important impacts of structural and bonding characteristics in controlling chemical durability of lanthanide zirconates. 相似文献
2.
Wireless Networks - In such mobile platforms as ships and aircraft, the detection and reconnaissance devices are near to the communication facilities. When working at the same time, they will... 相似文献
3.
运用放射性元素寻找油气是一种非常规油气勘探手段。近年来,在珠江口盆地珠一坳陷富烃凹陷周边古近系钻遇高自然伽马(GR)砂岩,其GR值(100~300 API)甚至大于同区泥岩的GR值(100~200 API)。为了弄清该特殊现象背后的地质意义,对珠江口盆地珠一坳陷古近系高自然伽马砂岩开展了铀(U)、钍(Th)、钾(K)等3种元素含量与GR值的相关趋势线分析,从井震特征、岩性特征及矿物成分特征等入手分析了砂岩GR值增高的主要原因及成因机制,探讨了放射性元素聚集的条件、运移通道、驱动力以及油气意义。结果表明:西江、惠州地区由U含量增高导致砂岩GR值偏高,恩平、番禺地区由K,Th含量增高导致砂岩GR值偏高;砂岩GR值增高有两大成因机制,一是地下流体带来的放射性元素离子U4+在氧化-还原面处富集后导致地层GR值偏高,这种特殊现象说明在具有连通基底大断裂旁的圈闭中,U4+的富集指示了曾经油气的存在,证实了研究区油气运移通道的有效性,对于油气藏的预测有着非常重要的指导性意义,二是地表流体带来的含放射性元素的矿物大量沉积后导致地层GR值偏高,含放射性元素矿物性质不稳定,可指示近源供给的存在,对于判断物源及沉积环境有着非常重要的意义。该研究成果为预测研究区油气成藏有利区带提供了依据。 相似文献
4.
光动力疗法(PDT)以其超高时空分辨率、非侵入性及低毒副作用的优点,被认为是治疗癌症和各种非恶性疾病的有效疗法之一。本文主要综述了几类光敏剂发展历史、主要结构、特点及研究进展,分析了高性能光敏剂的开发动态,包括化学修饰;与具有特定细胞受体的其他配体缀合成复合光敏剂;采取纳米技术,如纳米颗粒输送,基于富勒烯的光敏剂等。基于此,指出具有临床应用前景的高性能光敏剂的基本特征、设计原则及发展趋势。 相似文献
5.
Bin Feng Xin Jiang Guisheng Zou Wengan Wang Tianming Sun Heng Yang Guanlei Zhao Mingye Dong Yu Xiao Hongwei Zhu Lei Liu 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(29):2102359
The realization of liquid metal-based wearable systems will be a milestone toward high-performance, integrated electronic skin. However, despite the revolutionary progress achieved in many other components of electronic skin, liquid metal-based flexible sensors still suffer from poor sensitivity due to the insufficient resistance change of liquid metal to deformation. Herein, a nacre-inspired architecture composed of a biphasic pattern (liquid metal with Cr/Cu underlayer) as “bricks” and strain-sensitive Ag film as “mortar” is developed, which breaks the long-standing sensitivity bottleneck of liquid metal-based electronic skin. With 2 orders of magnitude of sensitivity amplification while maintaining wide (>85%) working range, for the first time, liquid metal-based strain sensors rival the state-of-art counterparts. This liquid metal composite features spatially regulated cracking behavior. On the one hand, hard Cr cells locally modulate the strain distribution, which avoids premature cut-through cracks and prolongs the defect propagation in the adjacent Ag film. On the other hand, the separated liquid metal cells prevent unfavorable continuous liquid-metal paths and create crack-free regions during strain. Demonstrated in diverse scenarios, the proposed design concept may spark more applications of ultrasensitive liquid metal-based electronic skins, and reveals a pathway for sensor development via crack engineering. 相似文献
6.
Ningyu Chen Jintang Zhou Zhengjun Yao Yiming Lei Ruiyang Tan Yuxin Zuo Wenjian Zheng Zibao Jiao 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):10545-10554
The electromagnetic materials are featured by good magnetic permeability and dielectric constant characteristics, which are of significant importance in solving the pollution problem of electromagnetic. In this study, after the complete of the use of sol-gel method, argon gas was then introduced for calcination, and eventually a new type of MWCNTs/Ni0.5Zn0.5Nd0.04Fe1.96O4 composites was synthesized after the above mentioned procedures. The synthesized MWCNTs were able to be adsorbed on the surface of Ni0.5Zn0.5Nd0.04Fe1.96O4 and could form a good conductive work of 3D. Also, the effect of additional MWCNTs on microwave absorption properties of MWCNTs/Ni0.5Zn0.5Nd0.04Fe1.96O4 composites were also observed in this study. The results indicate that the additional MWCNTs function to significantly improve the microwave absorption property of MWCNTs/Ni0.5Zn0.5Nd0.04Fe1.96O4. Through altering the amount of MWCNTs, the microwave attenuation performance and impedance matching coefficient of this electromagnetic materials can be effectively improved. The S2 sample presented a minimum reflection loss of ?35.05 dB when its thickness reached 1.6 mm, meanwhile, the effective absorption bandwidth achieved 4.55 GHz. The prepared composites perform well in microwave absorption, which can attribute to the reasonable ratio of composites as well as its interaction with both of the magnetic and dielectric components. This research paved the way for novel ideas to be put in the electromagnetic absorption materials with high-efficient. 相似文献
7.
8.
基于柴油产品质量升级的需求,中国石化大连石油化工研究院(FRIPP)开发了FHIDW加氢改质技术及配套FF-46加氢精制催化剂、FC-14B加氢改质催化剂和FDW-3临氢降凝催化剂.该技术及催化剂级配体系在格尔木炼油厂0.8 Mt·a-1加氢改质装置上的工业应用情况表明,级配催化剂体系对原料适应性强,装置运转平稳,操作灵活性高,催化剂失活速率慢,产品分布合理且质量优异,在降低柴油产品凝点的同时可以明显改善其密度和十六烷值,解决了改造前装置生产重柴油密度偏低的问题,为炼油厂生产符合国V质量标准的柴油提供了技术保障. 相似文献
9.
气藏平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
平均地层压力是产能评价和动态分析的基础,准确、快速获取平均地层压力对高效开发气藏意义重大。基于地层压力随时间变化的规律,分析了平均地层压力的变化规律。研究结果表明:平均地层压力等效点仅随时间发生改变,平均地层压力的下降速率等于或者近似等于井底流压的下降速率。从封闭弹性驱动气藏的物质平衡方程出发,考虑偏差系数和井底流压随平均地层压力的变化,推导建立了平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法,根据生产数据可迭代计算平均地层压力。方法验证结果显示,采气速度和采出程度共同影响模型的计算结果。应用实例表明,跟踪计算法与压力恢复试井和物质平衡法之间的相对误差均较小,满足工程计算精度要求,且跟踪计算法不需依托生产测试数据,节约了测试费用,避免了测试占产。 相似文献
10.
Shucheng Qin Zhenrong Jia Lei Meng Can Zhu Wenbin Lai Jinyuan Zhang Wenchao Huang Chenkai Sun Beibei Qiu Yongfang Li 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(25):2102361
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have recently reached a remarkably high efficiency and become a promising technology for commercial application. However, OSCs with top efficiency are mostly processed by halogenated solvents and with additives that are not environmentally friendly, which hinders large-scale manufacture. In this study, high-performance tandem OSCs, based on polymer donors and two small-molecule acceptors with different bandgaps, are fabricated by solution processing with non-halogenated solvents without additive. Importantly, the two active layers developed from non-halogenated solvents show better phase segregation and charge transport properties, leading to superior performance than halogenated ones. As a result, a tandem OSC with high efficiency of up to 16.67% is obtained, showing unique advantages in future massive production. 相似文献